While "anti-Zionism" is not defined in modern dictionaries, its use dates back to at least 1902, and it was regularly used in the 1920s and 1930s in relation to events in the British Mandate of Palestine, when some Arab organizations opposed Jewish immigration to the area.
The earliest biblical reference to Zion is found in the book of 2 Samuel:
Nevertheless, David took the stronghold of Zion, that is, the city of David. 2 Sam. 5:7.
So, Zion is the City of David. The City of David is the original site of Jerusalem from the time of King David. It lies South of the Temple Mount and is surrounded by hills on all sides, hence where it says in Psalms, "Jerusalem with hills around her". The water source of Temple of Solomon Jerusalem, the Gihon Spring, lies here.
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